Hierarchical Model of Technology Adoption †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Hierarchical Model of Technology Adoption. Answer: Introduction Legitimate decision making is an integral part of the management and thousands of decisions can be through this process. The role of manager or leaders in the organization is important in that case to make the proper decision, which is useful and relevant from the company's perspective. There are some objectives set by the management and composing those objectives in proper way managerial activities is needed from the concern manager. To make sustainable decision making sections, leaders have to be enough confident with their decision statements. A decision can change the entire scenario of the organization and also change in the dimension of the company (Rezaei, 2015). The factors may be motivating or demotivating for the employees but a change will come in the organization and that is the essence of decision-making activities. Decision-making situation can arise in an organization when some problems have come and there are two ways to mitigate that. One process may hamper the inter nal situation when mitigation process is done and another process is to cease the problem without harming any of the internal or external loss. But the problem is to choose that one. An ongoing activity is not stated on the occasion that which one is the right path rather the administrative obstacle and operation process complication is there to confuse the situation. At that moment, leader vision and mentality has come up with a dynamic end. Comprehensive decision-making tools used in those situations to mitigate those problems and through those tools effective measurement can be taken. In this reflective decision-making report, all the decision-making tools and their theoretical implications are delivered. A balance system is required for the decision-making situation. An intellectual mind of leader or manager is important in that case and problem defining and planning and executing the plan is the main prospect of this report. In this case, three most relevant decision-making theories and models also stated and their uses in this field are also delivered with this report. The ethics of decision making in every case and personal understanding along with the step of decision making is important and critical analyzed in this report. Decision-making styles The business setting in present times is beleaguered with companies, which have made strategic errors and these are frequently in the manner to do with lack of appropriate decisions taken by the leaders and managers in these organization. There are some instances also that provide a string access to business failure due to wrong decision-making case. The failure of Chrysler and Ford and different Japanese auto motors companies are the victim of this situation. Their decision making qualities are dynamic in some cases but not all cases and as the productivity of the technology is very high these incidents of wrong decision making are quite normal to them (Spencer, Buhalis Moital, 2012). There are mainly three approaches to decision making like individual decision making, corporate decision making and OODA loop and decision making. All these approaches are heading towards better decision making and leaders are taking situational decision for the development of the company. Four decisi on-making styles are there like Analytic decision-making style, Conceptual decision-making style, Directive decision-making style and Behavioral decision-making style. Managers have to make rational decisions in some cases. The rational decision and careful alteration is the most effective part of analytic decision-making style. The factual decision is aligned with the decision and leaders of this genre can cope up with any unique situations. The decision-making style has come up in a case in an uncertainty way. The leaders of this decision making do not take their decision in a hurry (Elbanna, Child Dayan, 2013). Rather they take some time to thing amount the past experiences and the consequences of this to make it more relevant and significant in an application. The conceptual decision-making style is intuitive in nature. Through the thinking of the decision management, high tolerance of ambiguity and choice for the alternative is there and they have taken all sorts of decisions at a risk (Snyder Diesing, 2015). There is no guarantee about the success and no historical analyses of past experiences are not considered in that case still the concepts the infrastructural fact to this decision making. Directive decision making is knowledge oriented. Leaders are rational in that case and logical thinking and the quick decisions are needed to be made for the mitigation of problems situation (Rezaei, 2016). Logic, idea and managing the decision are the main perspective of this decision-making style and low tolerance process is applicable in that situation. Behavior change in decision making is another decision-making process and it depends on the team discussion and the interaction with teammates (Smith, 2014). Clear communication and avoidance of conflict is the main motive of the decision making a statement and that motivated employees to do work in a right manner. In all the decision-making style the major thing that I have noticed is the possible way of managing the situation. they may come in way to the team meeting or discussion or even in form of an analytical or time taking situation but the main consequence will come in the form or better result and that is more important in this decision making cases. Decision-making tools Decision-making tools and techniques are important for better organizational consequence. In case of graphs and models, all these techniques are processed with the factors of the problem situation and deliver the best-recommended way to analyze the position. A decision matrix is the first tool that evaluates the options for decisions. When faced with numerous choices and innumerable variables, adecision matrixcan state uncertainty about the options and emphasize points that may feature the consequence (Moore et al., 2012). This quantitative method can get rid of sentiment, as well as uncertainty, so you can direct the business efficiently. Decision making helps in case of prioritizing the tasks and deliver the options of crafting arguments and defend the decision that helps in that case. In case of the matrix, we can use several websites platforms like MindTools or iSixSigma.com for making a better decision in the organization. Factors, which are creating problems, are determined by this factor and importance of the factors is more relevant as all these factors need to mitigate for the better decision-making situation. T-chart is another tool of decision making and this tool considers all the positive and negative aspects of decision-making situation (Yksel, 2012). In most of the cases, decisions are dynamic and they need to determine through technique. In this case, eventual decision and analytical view of decision making are important for the development of the organization. Decision trees are graphs or diagram, which explores the alternative way of decision making and takes the consequences of the decision (Crossan, Mazutis Seijts, 2013). In most of the cases, the possible branch of decision making is available and alternatives will come in that situation that helps to calculate the probable findings. The decision making situations are important in multiple times and leaders to have to manage some situation that will reflect in their decision making a success. The organizational difference can be predicted by the SWOT and PEST analysis. All the internal and external aspects of the business can be justified by that process (Thiel et al., 2012). The conjoint analysis is also important in that case to make the proper decision for the organization. In thing, the whole process of decision making is depending on the using of tools and an allied way to connect the tools with the organizational decision making cases. The uses of tools are quite relevant in that case and in case of final decision making these processes are important to get a productive reflection. Models of decision making Naturalistic decision making is the process to understand how humans are making their decision in a complex real-world setting. The conditions are changing with the globalized situation of the company and the dynamic conditions are applied with the real-time reaction and changes. Multi-Attribute Utility Analysis (MAUA) is the classical approach to decision-making situation. This model is the classic model that has been used in earlier but with the method of weighing evidence optimal core action, the new seeming model needs to be introduced to identify the evaluating criteria. Classical strategies are confronted a huge deterioration after the pressure situation (Klein, 2008). On that moment, rapid change in decision making is needed. A developed form of applying analytical method and accuracies in evaluation is the decision-making scenario that is needed for the skill development and changing conditions. The process takes simply enough time and that much of time is not always have to the organization. Some of the features of naturalistic decision making are: Defined goal and ill-structured situation analysis is the main aspect of this decision-making system. Uncertainty and ambiguity is the concerning aspect of the decision-making situation. As the prompt decision has been made in this revised form of concept so the data missing is a big lack of this decision making the section. Sometimes goals are competing with each other and that demonstrates the shifting shell and action feedback that solely identifies the changed conditions (Kreps, 2018). Time stress has remained in this decision-making situation. High stakes are also there in this decision-making genre. Experienced decision making is necessary for the organization. I understand the revised strategy is a recognized form of decision making leaders use to make their decision after surveying experience situation. The goals, critical clues, expectancies and typical action are implemented recognize symptoms of decision market. The situation process is one of the complex methods that will help to get naturalistic decision-making case and that will provide enough experience to the situation. I also understand prime decisions are not made from the selective generation and that satisfying opinion and that evaluation are important in that case. I also understand that the process is not optimizing, it is a model of the satisfying. These are the key feature of the recognition-Prime decision model. Rapid Decision-making model on Fire Grounds by Gary Klein Rapid decision making is important in case of fire grounds and in such cases, decision making is more important than anything else. As the situation is in the war field so long time is not provided for this decision king situation. As commented by Klein, decision-making strategies in war field or fire grounds are different than another situation. There are some dimensional changes that leaders have to make for the survival to diminish the opponents. Time pressure is one of the following facts that come with that theory. As the influencing situation has been created on that moment and options are really less, the thus improved situation is needed for this time (Klein, Calderwood Clinton-Cirocco, 1986). Allocation of sufficient time to think and makes the decision from the past incidents is not applicable here and that approach pressurizes the entire thing and process the ability in fire round. Another dimension is like expertise. Training and experience is the core concept of experti se and the present form of unfamiliar raining issue instructs them to behave in that kind of manner. The decisions are sometimes ruthless but most of the time it was impactful for the nation (Levin Datnow, 2012). In case of critical situation, to get rid of fire field, critical analysis and step-by-step decision and command making system is important. In that case, gathering data and decision-making system are aligned with the "unnatural request" which is a form of commitment approach that comes in the context of argumentum interaction cases. The decisions that are taken in the fire ground are aimed to nullify the destruction and employees are trained and selected in that manner only that they can come up in every occasion and follow their leader's voice and attempt for the mitigation program. Quality control procedure is another aspect that needs to take care of and the inter-code reliability is the most promising option of this procedure. The informal decisions are made and that analyze each incident and accounts where this theory of Klein has been implemented (Ferrell Fraedrich, 2015). Through the incidents characteristic the situation can be understood and the error will be mitigated by the process and proper judgment and decisions can be made. In case of an interview, human resource team aware employees about the situation and they have to face in future. Risk-oriented learning and the adjoining life leading aspect is the main genre of this and decides the time and opportunities in fire field cases (Shepherd, Willia ms Patzelt, 2015). There are some time gaps and time limit for the check issues in fire field and operate the process for the shortest risk-oriented case. Time division is allocated for every process and that will segment the process in an effective way. I have a good understanding of this theory of Klein. I think the process of rapid decision making in the fireplace, battlefields are important. The decision of fire fields and rate of flow in case of making good decision at the right time is the most happening situation in the fire field so wide range of the multiple scaling and the approximate decision-making situation are naturalistic in that situation and that helps in case of estimating the employees retention, productivity, assurance, quality and decision implementation. The Shared Decision making Continuum The shared decision in the continuum is another aspect of decision making and engagement is associated with the medical field. In case of medical decision making during the 20th century, the significance of decision making and that preferred shared management in case of critical care is important. The advocacy inpatient situation and what are the needed factors for the patients is the most important of criteria this decision-making system. The situation is important for the patient care and demonstrates the strict autonomy that accepted in the worldwide concept of United States mainly. There are five segments of decision-making situation and each segment determines the feeling of an intrusive manner of patients. Patient responsibility is the most happening thing for the continuum decision-making case and that impacted over the value natural case (Kon, 2010). For example, the independent way of the physical situation and intravenous line placing is the most affecting aspect of this th eory. Patient preferences must direct the approach perceived here, and physicians must realize that each patient is unlike in nature and may have dissimilar preferences at special times and for this situation, different types of decision-making situation will be created. Some physicians may be liable to use merely certain decision-making approaches for detailed types of decisions; though, patient preferences and decision making approaches diverge extensively regardless of the nature of decision being considered (Di Fabio Saklofske, 2014). I think the procedure has a physician recommendation and physician driven decisions are important in that case. The equal partnership and patient's wishes are the major things in implementing the process. Excellent communication skill is also needed for the process and that encourage the patients to recover at the earliest. Active learning skills and the future work burden has mitigated through the decision-making system and I find it more relevant to the patient care as the life-saving scenario is related to the situation as well. Decision-making approaches and incorporation of sustainability Decision-making approach is important for the organization and that will help to strengthen the pillars of organizational sustainability. In case of decision making, three aspects are most important in the organization. Economic, Environmental and Social are these aspects and these act as a uniform way and deliver the best possible findings that analyze the impact assessment of the organization. Green accounting, integrated assessment modeling and ecosystem service valuation are important in this factor that encourages the health impact cases in social sections (Kaner, 2014). Approaches are determined through the experience of the decision maker and the intellectual context of the leader and the positional approach of the leaders' important to take a correct decision on that moment. The use of the methodology for the implementation of decision is also important in that case and that somehow encourages the mental efficacy to take the proper decision on that moment The standard of the problems and appropriate techniques to measure the situation is also related with the decision making cases, where the decisions are motivated in organizational success. In case of decision making in the business context, managers use sales predict, profit forecast and value supplementary etc, in view of the opportunity cost of not enchanting the decision. Business managers use lots of tools like Oracle Crystal Ball, to envisage outcomes in different scenarios. Collect, compile, compare, consider are the four aspects of right decision making and through the attraction and operational process of business, the language of understanding is important in that case. An influencing situation can be addressed by a number of factors o decision making (Conway Gawronski, 2013). These factors, including precedent knowledge, cognitive biases, age and individual differences, belief in personal significance, and a boom of obligation, influence what choices people formulate. Indulgent with the factors that authority decision making progress is important to consider what decisions are completed. That is, the factors that influence the process may brunt the outcomes. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that decision-making system is important in case of managing the organization in a right way. The decision-making process is important for making the decision in fire field, patient care case or in the different organization where challenges will come in form of better objective achievable case. In that situation, that acceptability of decision making and implemented models are used by the leaders and they initiate the whole process for the development of the organization. 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